Antiviral drug screen identifies DNA-damage responsive inhibitor as potent blocker of SARS-CoV-2 replication

March 17, 2021

Gustavo Garcia Jr., Arun Sharma, Arunachalam Ramaiah, Chandani Sen, Arunima Purkayastha, Donald B. Kohn, Mark S. Parcells, Sebastian Beck, Heeyoung Kim, Malina A. Bakowski, Melanie G. Kirkpatrick, Laura Riva, Karen C. Wolff, Brandon Han, Constance Yuen, David Ulmert, Prabhat K. Purbey, Phillip Scumpia, Nathan Beutler, Thomas F. Rogers, Arnab K. Chatterjee, Gülsah Gabriel, Ralf Bartenschlager, Brigitte Gomperts, Clive N. Svendsen, Ulrich A.K. Betz, Robert D. Damoiseaux, Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami

Cell Reports

Garcia et al. utilized a medium-throughput drug-screening system to identify a library of protein kinase inhibitor drugs already in various stages of clinical trials that are capable of targeting SARS-CoV-2 activity in the body. After a primary screening of 430 drugs demonstrating that 34 of the kinase inhibitors blocked SARS-CoV-2 infection in an infectious cell culture system using Vero E6 cells, a drug-cellular protein interaction network was determined by mining the compounds against the STITCH database. It was found that specific proteins in a limited set of signaling pathways are crucial to SARS-CoV-2 infection and thus should be targeted by antiviral agents. A secondary screening showed that berzosertib, an ATR kinase inhibitor, demonstrated the most potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity among a variety of cell types. After a study of mechanism of action, it was found that berzosertib operated in a good therapeutic window and inhibited viral replication at a post-entry step. From these results, the researchers assert that berzosertib can be a treatment option for individuals with ongoing SARS-CoV-2 infections once further research focuses on a determination of a combination of drug candidates for use alongside berzosertib, which is not a standalone therapy.

Garcia Jr., G., Sharma, A., Ramaiah, A., et al. Antiviral drug screen identifies DNA-damage responsive inhibitor as potent blocker of SARS-CoV-2 replication. Cell Reports 2021; 35, 108940; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108940

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