Longitudinal observation and decline of neutralizing antibody responses in the three months following SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans

October 26, 2020

Seow J, Graham C, Merrick B, ​et al.​

Nature Microbiology

Seow et al examined sequential serum samples from 65 individuals with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, collected up to 94 days post symptom onset, to understand the length of the antibody response. The study demonstrated that neutralizing antibody response is highly dependent on disease severity. The authors suggest this could be due to a high viral load resulting in severe disease and a stronger antibody response through increased levels of viral antigen. Alternatively, antibodies may have a role in disease severity, though evidence for this does not currently exist. Peak antibody response after an acute viral replication was detected three to four weeks after infection. For individuals with low neutralizing antibody response, neutralizing antibody titres returned to baseline levels in a short amount of time. Individuals with robust neutralizing antibody responses maintained titres over 1,000, following an initial decline. The authors suggest this has important implications for the usefulness of antibody tests and the timelines within which they provide meaningful data.

Seow J, Graham C, Merrick B, ​et al.​ Longitudinal observation and decline of neutralizing antibody responses in the three months following SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans. ​Nat Microbiol​ 2020; : 1–10.

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